Process for preserving oils and fats



Patented Nov. 2, 1937 I I a I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS FOR PRESERVING OILS AND FATS Mayne R. Coe, Washington, D. 0., dedicated to the free use of the Public in the United States of America No Drawing. Application January 30, 1935, Serial No. 4,097

Claims. (01. 8712) (Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 3700. G. 757) This application is made under the act of shows that it is better to add an oil or fat soluble March 3, 1883, as amended by the act of April catalase which has been isolated in as pure a 30, 1928, and the invention herein described, if state as possible from its carrier, but catalase patented, may be manufactured and used by or added inthe form of cheese, liver extract, or plant 5 for the Government for governmental purposes material has been found efiective. The general without payment to me of any royalty thereon. properties of catalase and the purification of Ihereby dedicate the invention herein described liver catalase and catalase from vegetable subto the free use of the Public in the territory of stances are disclosed by Zeile in Ergebnisse Enthe United States of America, to take effect upon zymforschung, vol. 3, pages 265-288 (1934) and the granting of a patent to me. by Zeile and Hellstrom in Zeits. Phys. Chemie,

My invention relates to the preservation of vol. 192, page-171. The amount of catalase to be oils and fats. It is well known that food, feedadded should be in suflicient quantity to exhibit studs and all commodities b aring oils and fats preservative properties. This amount, of course, are subject to rancidity whereby they are afmay vary according to the bulk of the commodity 13 fe'cted adversely in natural agreeable flavor and to be treated and the potency of the catalase 15 quality, and in advanced stages destroying the utilized. food or other value of the material or its useful- In an experiment using purified catalase -obness. tained from liver 1 cc. of the purified'catalase to It is well known that rancidity is due to wave- 25 cc. of refined corn oil was found to prevent lengths of light occasioned by photochemical acrancidity far beyond the induction period of un- 20 tion on certain reactive substances in the oils treated refined corn oil. The period of. protection, and fats. During exposure of oil-bearing comof course, is controlled by the percentage and pomodities to photochemical action, decomposition tency of the catalase used. takes place due to the presence of air. When When cheese is used to supply catalase, I have an antioxidant is added, oxidation is at a miniound that one-half gram o i e cheese to mum and the oil is retarded in rancidity developcc. of oil, such as cottonseed or corn oil, lard, ment, and thus the oil keeps fresh for a longer etc. is effective. By the term ripened cheese p is meant cheese which has undergone fermenta- I have discovered that when catalase is added tion or aging under'wntrolled conditions in Order 30 to, or incorporated with an oil or fat, rancidity to attain properties and characteristics of that development is prevented or delayed over a contype. The catalase should preferably be in an siderable period of time. This is shown by a, (19- oil soluble form. The greater the activity of the termination of. the peroxide value, which is a well catalase added, the longer rancidity will be preknown test for detecting the progress of the devented but there should not be added so great 3 velopment of rancidity in an oil or fat. The oils an amount of catalase'and its carrier as to afiect and fats to which catalase has been added do not thefiavor of the commodity where the retention give a peroxide value comparable to the oils or of such flavor is desired.

40 fats untreated. The theory of. how catalase acts as an inhibitor 40 The catalase may be added in any way best to the development of rancidity is shown by the suited for the oil or fat commodity. Experiment following indicated reactions:

. H H' (1) o=o sunlight+0n :=J;- 110.011 45 unsaturated bond oleate H H H o t-t t I a 5o 2 +H0.0H o Oa+Slm1lght -oHo+Ro+H,o 5o

7 H 0 rancid compound OH nun-rancid compound Having fully disclosed my discovery, I claim:

1. The process of preventing rancidity in com-- modities containing oils and fats which com-' prises incorporating substantially pure catalase 5 in such oil-bearing commodities.

2. An article of manufacture which comprises an oil or fat containing commodity to which has been added substantially pure catalase.

3. The process of preventing rancidity in com- 10 modities containing oils or tats which comprises incorporating ripened cheese in such oil-bearing commodities.

4. The process of preventing rancidity in commodities containing oils or tats which comprises incorporating catalase, isolated from its carrier, -in such oil or fat bearing commodities.

5. An-article oi manui'actureiwhich comprises an oil or fat containing commodity to which has been added catalase isolated from its carrier.

MAYNE R. COE. 

